Asthma is a chronic lung disorder in which the airways become inflamed, making it difficult to breathe.
When an asthma attack occurs, the muscles surrounding the airways become tight and the lining of the air passages swell. This reduces the amount of air that can pass by, and can lead to wheezing sounds.
Most people with asthma have wheezing attacks separated by symptom-free periods. Some patients have long-term shortness of breath with episodes of increased shortness of breath. Still, in others, a cough may be the main symptom. Asthma attacks can last minutes to days and can become dangerous if the airflow becomes severely restricted.
Asthma in children is especially high in Baltimore. It is the number one reason children miss school AND the number one reason children go to the emergency room.
Common asthma triggers include:
• Tobacco smoke
• Dust
• Pollen
• Exercise
• Viral infections, such as the common cold
• Animals (hair or dander)
• Chemicals in the air or in food
• Mold
• Changes in weather (most often cold weather)
• Strong emotions
• Aspirin and other medications
While medication is sometimes necessary to treat asthma, there are also many things you can do to prevent or minimize asthma attacks. Here are some examples:
• Do not smoke, and stay away from secondhand smoke
• Use hypoallergenic mattress and pillow covers
• Vacuum often
• Remove carpeting in your home
• Keep pets out of the bedroom
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